Circuits & Schematics Measurement - 4

It’s just an unavoidable fact: electronic components’ parameters drift with temperature. Even the most stable voltage references, op amps, crystal oscillators, etc., have non-zero temperature coefficients. These effects can be mitigated ...

Filter, audio, and RF-communications testing often require a random noise source. Figure 1’s circuit provides an RMS-amplitude regulated noise source with selectable bandwidth. RMS output is 300 mV with a 1 kHz to 5 MHz bandwidth, selectable ...

Figure 1 is a “charge pump” type V/F converter specifically designed to run from a 3.3 V rail. A 0 V to 2 V input produces a corresponding 0 kHz to 3 kHz output with linearity inside 0.05%. To understand how the circuit works assume ...

This article describes an active load circuit that can be used to simulate a battery in any state of charge. The battery simulator provides a constant-voltage load for a battery-charging circuit, independent of applied charging current. The ...

It is often desirable to determine a battery’s internal resistance to evaluate its condition or suitability for an application. Accurate battery resistance determination is complicated by inherent capacitive terms which corrupt results taken ...

Self-heated thermal airflow sensors are simple, cheap, rugged, and sensitive. However, they exhibit an airspeed to sensor temperature response ( King’s Law ) that is very nonlinear, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. The TO-92 junction ...

I was reminded recently of a tester I designed years ago. At the time, I wanted to build “The Ultimate Continuity Tester,” and I established a wish list of all the features I required: A “real continuity” tester. Too many ...

Low-power, low-cost ceramic piezoelectric rate gyros are available, but they lack the low-temperature-coefficient characteristics of their quartz counterparts. However, you can use a servo amplifier to remove the dc level shift due to ...

First and second amplifiers and range switch The schematic is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3. First and second amplifiers and range switch. The switching is arranged so that there are no unused resistors attached to the signal circuit; they are ...

Design a wideband analog multimeter to measure AC voltages and currents from 20 Hz to 1 MHz with a selectable sensitivity from 1 mV to 100 V, while the ammeter has a selectable current sensitivity of 10 mA to 10 A. It may be surprising to offer a ...